Psychsim 5 Operant Conditioning Free Essays

Traditional Versus Operant Conditioning: Classical and Operant vary in when an occasion happens. Old style molding includes an occasion, and afterward an adapted reaction, while Operant depends on a choice, recognizing what the accompanying occasion might be. Support and Punishment: Reinforcement expands the likelyhood of the conduct rehashing. We will compose a custom paper test on Psychsim 5: Operant Conditioning or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Giving a pooch a reward for coming in subsequent to heading off to the washroom outside. Expelling errands when a young person complies with their time limit. Discipline diminished the likelyhood of the conduct rehashing. Giving a youngster opportunity for hitting a child in class. Nonstop Versus Partial Reinforcement The conduct could probably stop too. Timetables of Reinforcement Giving fortification after a consistent number of reactions. Paying a young person after they complete 5 errands. Giving support after a reaction, after a steady measure of time has passed. Letting a youngster enjoy a brief reprieve for each hour of schoolwork they do. Giving fortification after a changing number of reactions. Card sharks at a gaming machine don’t know how frequently they’ll be strengthened. Giving support after a reaction, after a changing measure of time has passed. Anglers don’t have a constent fortification in the wake of throwing their line. Reenacted Experiment: Variable proportion is the most impervious to elimination long haul. In any steady circumstance, the subject may see a theme in the quantity of reactions they should give, or to what extent they should sit tight for a fortification. In a variable span senario, it’s genuine they will react more since they don’t know how short the stretch might be, however they won’t be continually reacting. In a variable proportion plan, the subject would need to continue reacting, and after a changing measure of reactions at long last be strengthened. This would keep the subject reacting at a higher rate. The most effective method to refer to Psychsim 5: Operant Conditioning, Papers

The Glorious Revolution in England Free Essays

The Glorious Revolution of England occurred in the seventeenth century, and the French Revolution, occurred in the late eighteenth century to mid nineteenth century this is during the time of illumination. The upsets where begun in view of the new thoughts and needs of the ordinary citizens. They have a great deal of similitudes since they impacted one another however they additionally have numerous distinctions since they are various nations and individuals. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Glorious Revolution in England or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Since the thoughts from the upheavals are so new and keen they affected numerous different nations and their administrations. The Glorious Revolution of England came clench hand during the eightinth century was the plan to oust King James II and supplant him with a ParliamentThe French Revolution started with individuals from the Third Estate articulating the Tennis Court Oath in June, the ambush on the Bastille in July. The similitudes are for the most part in how the upheaval was begun. Both King Charles I and Louis XVI were owing debtors due to the absence of cash abandoned from past rulers. The two rulers gave the issue on the laborers which drove them exceptionally crazy. They didn’t need to take care of the obligation of the rulers who they as of now payed enormous duties to. Ruler Charles I and Louis XVI needed to gather on Parliament and the Estates to fix their budgetary issue. Rather than fixing the cash issue they concocted better approaches for government and arranged against the government. The primary contrasts between the unrests originated from the thinkers. The principle savant that affected the transformation in France was Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the primary scholar for England was John Locke. John Locke was known as the dad of libertarionism and is reguarded as one of the most influencial elightenment scholars. Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s political way of thinking impacted the French Revolution and the development of present day political and instructive thoughts The political and social thoughts of both the English and the French insurgencies affected numerous legislatures on the planet, for example, America, Canada, Germany.. tc. In light of the English insurgency the political thought of an established government rose and permitted more opportunity and contribution from the average folks in England. The French transformation cleared a path for new government frameworks, for example, majority rule government and communism. The superb unrest in England and the French upset both are key defining moments during the period of edifi cation and have impacted a large number of today’s governments also. Step by step instructions to refer to The Glorious Revolution in England, Papers

20+ Tools To Optimize Images For Search Engines

20+ Tools To Optimize Images For Search Engines Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!20+ Tools To Optimize Images For Search EnginesUpdated On 20/04/2018Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : Web ToolsShort URL : http://hbb.me/2ozdaJ9 CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogEarlier we discussed about the tips to optimize images for search engines and web. By optimizing images you can simultaneously decrease the bounce rate and reduce the loading speed of your blog. Below I mentioned 20+ cool tools for optimizing your images for search engines.1. Adobe Photoshop : Best tool/software for optimizing images for the web. Always use Save for the web.. feature in PS for better optimization of images. Adobe Photoshop is a graphics editing program developed and published by Adobe Systems.2. Online Image Optimizer : This image optimizer lets you easily optimize your gifs, animated gifs, jpgs, and pngs, so they load as fast as possible on your site. Furthermore, you can easily convert from one image type to another.3. Smush.it : Smush.it uses optimization techniques specific to image format to remove unnecessary bytes from image files. You can also check the WordPress plugin WP Smush.it.4. RIOT : RIOT became quite popular in its young existence. You can save and optimize JPEG, GIF and PNG with a simple, clean user interface. Works in dual view: (original â€" optimized image) or single view (optimized image). Automatic preview of resulting image is also possible.5. PNGOUT : Created by game programmer Ken Silverman, PNGOUT is a popular, free, and no-frills tool for lossless optimization of your images. PNGOUT can run in the command-line or Windows Run dialog box.6. Super GIF : SuperGIF is a free utility for Windows and Mac OS users that optimizes your GIF images. Unfortunately the free version can only compress one GIF at a time. But it has almost all the features of the commercial version.7. PNGGauntlet: PNGGauntlet is a .NET GUI application for PNGOUT . It can be used to convert JPG, GIF, TGA, PCX, and BMP to highly optimized PNG files.8. PNGCrushrrr (Not Working) : PNGCrushrrr is a free GPL-licensed Mac OS utility for crushing down your PNG files to very small sizes. The creator says that PNGCrushrrr is best used on PNG-24 files.9. SuperPNG : SuperPNG is a free Photoshop plugin for saving significantly smaller PNG files compared to Photoshop’s native save feature for PNG’s. It also includes some advanced PNG-creation features such as 16-bit color support, variable compression, gamma correction, and metadata saving.10. TweakPNG : A utility for examining and modifying PNG image files. TweakPNG is free software, distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL).READHOW TO: Create 301 URL Redirection11. Image Optim (Mac OSX) : ImageOptim optimizes images â€" so they take up less disk space and load faster â€" by finding best compression parameters and by removing unnecessary comments12. PNGCrush : Pngcrush is an optimizer for PNG (Portable Network Graphics) files. It can be run from a commandline in an MSDOS window, or from a UNIX or LINUX commandline13. OptiPNG : A PNG optimizer that recompresses the image files to a smaller size, without losing any information.14. Adobe Fireworks : Create and optimize graphics and rapidly prototype websites and application interfaces with Adobe Fireworks CS4 software.15. PNGPong (Mac) : PNGpong is a dashboard widget that strips the color correction information out of the file using pngcrush to fix potential gamma problems.16. Web Resizer : Web Resizer is a free online tool helps you in optimizing pictures, images for websites and email campaigns. It allows you to crop, resize, add a border and sharpen your images easily.17. WebGraphics Optimizer : WebGraphics Optimizer is a perfect tool for optimizing and compressing images for the web pages. The images can be reduced in size to increase the speed of your website.18. GIFBOT : GIFBOT enables you to c ompress any GIF or JPEG graphic instantly. You just need to enter the URL of the graphic/image you want to compress, and get multiple options to choose from.19. Image Optimizer : Image Optimizer is a free image optimization application that lets you resize, compress and optimize your image files. It is an easy to use tool as you can optimize image with just a click of a button.20. AdvanceCOMP : AdvanceCOMP is a collection of recompression utilities for your .ZIP archives, .PNG snapshots, .MNG video clips and .GZ files. Its mainly intended for recompressing your rom, snapshot and clip collection of emulated games.21. Image Magick : ImageMagick ® is a software suite to create, edit, and compose bitmap images. It can read, convert and write images in a variety of formats (about 100).22. Littleutils : The littleutils include a duplicate file finder (repeats), image optimizers (opt-jpg opt-png opt-gif recomp-jpg), file rename tools (lowercase uppercase), archive recompressors (to-bzip t o-7zip to-lzma), a tempfile utility (tempname), and more.If you want tips regarding Image Optimization you can check it here.Did I miss any other cool tool? Please share it in the comments! ??

Toxic masculinity within enron and glengarry glen ross - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1706 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category Business Essay Level High school Tags: Enron Essay Did you like this example? Toxic masculinity is the cultural ideal of manliness, where strength, money, and aggression are everything, while emotions, failure, and supposed feminine traits are considered weaknesses (OMalley). James Foleys Glengarry Glen Ross and Lucy Prebbles Enron deeply explore the impact that toxic masculinity has on corporate culture, and the repercussions that it causes within society. In Glengarry Glen Ross, however, the management forces toxic masculinity down the throats of the salesmen at Premiere Properties, creating detrimental competition for materialistic gain that pushes workers against each other, leading to their downfall. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Toxic masculinity within enron and glengarry glen ross" essay for you Create order In Enron, toxic masculinity breeds an unhealthy work environment and competition that seemingly brings workers together to push for more monetary gain through unlawful business practices, leading to their downfall . The toxic masculinity present within each companys culture bred unhealthy competition, creating a poor work environment, promoting unethical behavior and business practices, and eventually leading to their demise. The ideology that masculinity correlates with success is one of the largest factors that drives the business culture within each text. Within Glengarry Glen Ross, the management and Blake emphasize to the salesman that masculinity is required for success. Blakes character represents the ideal version of masculinity within the corporate culture at Premiere Properties. His materialistic success, arrogance, and high sales is the epitome of success within the lens of toxic men. Throughout the first scene, Blake berates the salesmen over their poor sales and he puts forth the notion that their livelihood and manhood depends on sales. The top sellers keep their jobs and are gifted a set of knives or even a car. The lowest sellers, however, are stripped of their job, lose their livelihood, and masculinity. In Blakes eyes, weak salesmen are not worthy of being called men, and are instead considered homosexuals. The only way to be successful within Premiere Properties is to have brass balls a nd strive to be like Blake by adopting destructive masculine ideals. The culture present within Premiere Properties idealizes success, materialistic wealth, and masculinity. This focus on masculinity and success ultimately breeds unhealthy competition within Premiere Properties, promoting unethical behavior. This is seen through the character of David Moss. Moss portrays himself as a stereotypical toxic man, someone who would seem to succeed at Premiere Properties; hes aggressive, violent, and asserts his power over those who seem weaker than him. Moss, however, underperforms sales wise and Blakes beratement exposes him for faults as a man, breaking his morale and confidence. A frustrated and broken Moss resorts to burglary in order to regain the sense of masculinity that was stripped away from him. He tries to convince George Aaronow, a perpetual failure in the eyes of Premiere Properties, to go on board with the plan, but Aaronow wants no part of it. Throughout the film, Aaronow is portrayed to be feminine through his language and mannerisms. When he sticks to his morals and decides to not chase materialistic gain, he is perceived as more feminine and therefore more a failure within the toxic masculine lens. The toxic masculinity that exists within this company culture looks down upon emotions and casts morals aside due to the thirst for material gain. This inherently promotes aggressive and unethical behavior to quench that thirst; anyone who doesnt follow that is automatically classed as feminine and seen as a failure. The idea that toxic masculinity promotes unethical behavior is also seen through the character of Shelley Levene, an old and once successful salesman. He, like Moss and Aaronow, isnt following ABC and hasnt closed a big deal in a long time. On top of the pressure of being fired, he deals with an extremely sick daughter who he needs to provide for. He attempts to empathize with Williamson to get the premium leads, but the dismissal of emotion and greed from Williamson prevents Levene from getting them. His constant failure starts to overtake his usual confident and upbeat persona, and he starts to become desperate and distressed. This desperation and stress drives Levene to the lowest depths of the moral ladder, crime. It is later revealed that it was Levene, not Moss, who stole the Glengarry leads to support his daughter. The toxic masculine work culture put forth in Premiere Properties essentially throws Levene and his problems aside, leading to Levene going down the unethical path to support his family. Not only did the masculine toxicity within the firm negatively impact the salesmen working there, it destroyed the firm from the inside as well. The management lost support from their workers, leading one to steal and sell the Glengarry leads. The firm was broken and had lost its most valuable asset. Toxic masculinity within Glengarry Glen Ross created unhealthy competition, promoted immoral behavior, and led to the demise of the firm itself. In Enron, the management essentially drives the idea that masculinity equates to success by almost solely focusing on materialistic gain, just like Premiere Properties. The management at Enron enacted a harsh, Draconian, policy that regularly cut the bottom ten percent of workers to have a company full of extremely efficient workers, leading to the most profit. This ultimately encouraged employees to adapt destructive masculine ideals to be ahead of the curve. If a worker didnt adapt to the ideals, they were most likely fired from the firm, as Claudia Roe was. Unlike in Glengarry Glen Ross where the masculine ideals drive the salesmen against the firm, the ideals bring the employees together in this story. All the Traders within the firm all share this sense of aggression, arrogance, and greed, which allows them to bond. They all encourage and berate Fastow with Trader 2, and they even go on death weekends with Skilling, where workers attempt to assert their masculinity through mascu line activities such as rolling jeeps and motorcycles and wotnot. Each workers adaptation of the toxic masculine ideals, and their pursuit to prove their masculinity to themselves and those around them essentially bonds them together. This firmwide adaptation of the destructive masculine ideals pushes everyone to focus on the managements main goal: materialistic gain through money. As stated before, the management perpetrates this agenda which then spreads down to the everyone in the firm. The masculine drive to achieve materialistic wealth heavily resonates with the heads of Enron Ken Lay, Jeff Skilling, and Andy Fastow. Similar to the cases of David Moss and Shelley Leven, this drive pushed them to pursue an unethical path to achieve it. In their fit to make as much money as possible, the heads of the company decide to make money out of entirely nothing using a mark to market accounting strategy, where expected profits are treated as tangible profits. This helped them skyrocket their stock price, making the company and their personal wealth explode. Their masculine drive for success, arrogance, and greed essentially made falsifying profits seem as the right thing to do. Prebble, in a way, almost utilizes this as a way to discuss the financial sector that exists today- a male dominated field full of arrogance and deception. Not only is unethical behavior accepted by the management, but also all the Traders and the various accountants present within the firm. The highly competitive nature, the toxic masculine culture, and the managements example all make it acceptable for the employees to go on board with the deceptive and immoral practices. Almost no one questions the practices, and most even support it, since it satisfies their personal greed. This is seen throughout the entire California scene, where Enron manipulates Californias electricity market for profits. In the scene, everyone involved with the manipulation seem to have tremendous fun seeing the electricity prices and profits rise, while the state goes into chaos. They even laugh after hearing that someone was killed due to their despicable behavior. They follow exactly what Skilling tells them to do with no questions asked, and even enjoy what theyre doing. This toxic masculine culture that exists within the firm is so widespread, that it mad e unethical behavior seem acceptable. As long as it brings in profits, it is an acceptable practice to take part in. The same scene exemplifies the employees embodiment of the toxic masculine ideal of total control and dominance. Everyone at the firm seems to enjoy the suffering of the people in California, as they bring in profits, satisfying their biggest desire. A trader even exclaims lets rape this motherfucker!, referring to the electricity crisis, and everyone seems to agree and support his claim. The corporate culture of masculinity that exists within this firm seeks dominance, as they rape California. Just like in Glengarry Glen Ross, the adaptation of toxic masculine culture and ideals, and the unethical practices that took place at Enron, ultimately lead to the destruction of the firm itself. Even though the firm was as secretive and deceptive as possible, the law, media, and market caught up to them, completely destroying it. The stock price plummets to single digit dollars and the heads of Enron are arrested and convicted, despite attempting to run away at the last minute. Unlike in Glengarry Glen Ross the damage caused to society by Enron through their unethical accounting methodology was much more significant and beyond saving. More than twenty thousand employees lost their jobs, retired and current employees who were paid in stock options lost everything they worked for, and it caused many other firms to collapse. There were, however, benefits to society from this scandal in terms of new laws, policies, and government organizations in place to stop anything like Enron from ever happening again. The toxic masculinity present within Enrons and Premiere Properties ultimately led to both of their demises. Within both firms, the managements push for maximum profit, belief that masculinity correlates with success, and implementation of fierce competition promoted a toxic corporate culture and environment. Within Glengarry Glen Ross, the toxic culture and competition within the firm pushed the salesmen away from each other and the management. While in Enron, the toxic culture brought the management and employees together and allowed for them to bond on their pursuit for masculinity and fake success. The adaptation and acceptance of this culture within both firms created and promoted unethical behavior within both firms, which lead to both of the firms downfall.

Antiheroism in Notes from the Underground Free Essay Example, 2000 words

The present research has identified that The Underground Man goes on to challenge the conventional hero by stating that: A novel needs a hero, and all the traits for an anti-hero are expressly gathered together here, and what matters most, it all produces an unpleasant impression, for we are all divorced from life, we are all cripples, every one of us, more or less. We are so divorced from it that we feel at once a sort of loathing for real life, and so cannot bear to be reminded of it. In other words, the dictates that prescribe the life and the desires of a hero are unrealistic and any attempt to achieve the idealized path of heroism is hard work. If man were, to be honest, he would have to admit that real life an effort, almost as hard as work and everyone would agree if they were honest that life is better in books . In this regard, by not admitting this reality, we are all segregated from life. The Underground Man is an antihero because he at least recognizes this fact and e mbraces the mendacity of real life. We will write a custom essay sample on Antiheroism in Notes from the Underground or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page In both novels, the antiheroes represent a retreat from a world they find it impossible to conform to. The Invisible Man s narrator is unable to conform to the dominant White culture and its prescriptions for the Negro American and the conventions of heroism. Likewise, the Underground Man resists the prescriptions for mankind and the conventions of heroism imported by the dominant culture from Western Europe.

Child Soldiers are Abused and Deprived of Human Rights Essay

Today, an estimated three hundred thousand children under age eighteen are participating in armed conflicts worldwide. Thousands more face recruitment or are members of armed forces and groups not presently at war.(McManimon) The life of a child soldier is filled with terror, violence, horrible living conditions, lack of proper sanitization and poor nutrition. Though being a soldier at first may seem like the child’s â€Å"escape† from the poverty they live in because of the promises that are made to them, most children are brought into situations that are often worse then what they were already living in. The children involved in these situations lose their basic human rights, are abused emotionally and physically, and are treated like slaves†¦show more content†¦Though the issues of child soldiers is stepping into the spot light these days and is being exposed to the world at a higher rate, armies using children can be dated back to the second world war. Chil d soldiers are not a new development in our societies they are something that have been around for years. Children commonly start out in support positions, acting as porters, cooks, spies, or sexual slaves. Often, though, these children end up on the front lines of combat.(McManimon) Child soldiers are frequently subject to extreme abuse and manipulation during training and combat, and generally suffer higher casualty rates than adults. (McManimon) In Uganda, girls who are abducted by the Lords Resistance Army are married off to rebel leaders. If the man dies, the girl is put aside for ritual cleansing and then married off to another rebel.(Isenberg) These children are also sometimes high off of drugs that are fed to them from their assessors. Once children have become soldiers the difficulties for them to get out of the power of their group leader is astronomical. Most children accept the life of being a child soldier because of the drugs they are on, the lies they are told, the fe ar that they have that they might die and also because their self-esteem is so low that they believe that no one will accept them for that they have done. Children who manage to escape are in constant fear that their leaders will come afterShow MoreRelatedWhats going on in india?1397 Words   |  6 PagesMost of us dont understand what it is like to have our basic human rights violated. Nor will many of us every really understand. In India, their citizens are suffering from many different types of violations. For instance, people are being tortured. Women are being raped and single handedly being deprived of their rights. Many women are being kidnapped, raped, tortured and some even end up being killed. Its very eye opening when you find out about these types of things because we never hear aboutRead MoreChild Soldiers Long and Short Term Effects4806 Words   |  20 Pages* Child soldiers gt; * Some facts gt; * Why children join gt; * Voices of young soldiers gt; * Dev elopments gt; * International Standards gt; * DDR gt; * Committee on the Rights of the Child gt; * Government armed forces gt; * Armed groups gt; * Frequently asked questions gt; | Search Site Search Bottom of Form * Site Map Personal tools    Navigation * Child Soldiers * Children in Palestine * Rwandan SOS Child who became Child Soldier Read MoreJuvenile Justice in Nepal4049 Words   |  17 Pagesfamily court, however, but juvenile court does not have jurisdiction in cases in which minors are charged as adults. Where parental neglect or loss of control is a problem, the juvenile court may seek out foster homes for the juvenile, treating the child as a ward of the court. The Federal Juvenile Delinquency Act defines juvenile delinquency (any act that is otherwise a crime, but is committed by someone less than 18 years of age) and sets forth rules by which state laws must comply with regard toRead More Human Rights Violations Against Children Essay3543 Words   |  15 PagesAs human beings, children are entitled to all the rights guaranteed by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) and the various treaties that have developed from it. But children also need special protection and care. They must be able to depend on the adult world to take care of them, to defend their rights and to help them to develop and realize their potential. Yet, violence against children is endemic: each day, terrible abuses and acts of violence against children are committed worldwideRead MoreHuman Rights Violation in the Philippines3872 Words   |  16 PagesHuman Rights Violation in the Philippines â€Å"All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.† Human rights describe equal rights and freedom for everybody by the fact of being human and without distinction of any kind of race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinions. However, many people have always suffered from the lack of them throughout history. In factRead MoreThe Immigration Policies Of Uae1974 Words   |  8 Pagesany kind for the immigrant workers, domestic or otherwise. The government of UAE cannot hold preservation of national identity and cultural values to be more important than the rights of the immigrants. In their quest for cheap labor and large profit margins, the UAE government is violating human rights and social rights. United Arab Emirates immigration policies are not only unfair to the immigrants but to the local Emiratis as well. Their policies for granting citizenship to children born inRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Young Slave Girl Essay1820 Words   |  8 Pagessexually abused by her master and was in bondage for seven years before escaped to her freedom. Brent stated, â€Å"The poor mother turned away, sobbing. Her dying daughter called her, feebly, and as she bent over her, I heard her say, don’t grieve so, mother; God knows all about it; and He will have mercy upon me (Brent). Linda the main character witnessed a young slave girl agony during child birth. The mistress was happy for the situation of the young slave girl because she was in agony during child birthRead MoreThe Situation of Filipino Children and Young People3366 Words   |  14 Pageshalf of the population in the Philippines are children. With a fast population growth a year, the government has a difficult task in prov iding children with enough resources to ensure their rights. For many adults and children, a 15-year-old who bears a child willingly or unwillingly ceases to be a girl-child but a young mother. An 11-year-old who takes on the task of tilling the ï ¬ elds ceases to be a boy but a labouring farmhand. A 16-year-old who spends most of his time at a wage-factory ceasesRead MoreA Moral Evaluation of Child Labor in the Philippines in the Perspective of Immanuel Kant4746 Words   |  19 PagesEvaluation of Child Labor in the Philippines in the Perspective of Immanuel Kant’s Second Formulation of Categorical Imperative- Formula of End Itself Introduction Children are the prime movers of the country. They are very much endowed with so much potentialities in which may contribute for the betterment of the many. They are indeed really important in everybody’s life not only of their own family but also of their fellow human persons. Every person including the child must be respectedRead MoreHuman Trafficking : The Second Fastest Increasing Criminal Industry Essay4415 Words   |  18 PagesHUMAN TRAFFICKING Human Trafficking is the second fastest increasing criminal industry today, after the illegal drug industry, and is commonly referred to as modern-day slavery†. The international, legal definition of human trafficking is ‘using someone by force or deception for the purpose of exploiting them for economic or personal gain.’ (From prescha.org)

The Role of Art in Poetry free essay sample

These different ways of addressing this theme are partly because of their different styles of poetry. Keats is a Romantic poet, while Auden is more of the modern style. In these two poems we can see the marked differences between these two writing styles. We can also see the similarities in the message that these authors are trying to get across. This common message is one of the permanence of art in an ever changing world. First let’s take a minute to examine the two different styles of literature that these men used in the pieces. These poems were written in two distinct methods, â€Å"Ode on a Grecian Urn† was written in the Romantic style, and â€Å"Musee des Beaux Arts† was written in the modern style. These two ways of writing are very different both in style, themes, and methods. While the earlier style of romanticism was more about a reflection of man in nature and the world around him, the modern style is more of a true telling of what is happening in the poets mind. The modern style may not be as flowery, or flattering as romanticism, but it is the truth as the poet sees it. Some authors have been both Romantic and Modern poets but most of the poets that we have studied in this class are from one style or the other. Romantic poetry is a style that was marked by a fascination with the power of the interior of humans and the grand nature of human faculties. (Sanger, 2013) I think one of the best definitions of this poetic era comes from romantic poet William Wordsworth who said â€Å"All poetry is spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings reflected upon in leisure† (Sanger, 2013) . Before the Romantic period, poetry’s purpose was to imitate nature or to create a Mimesis. Greenblatt, 2006) The purpose of the written word was to record tradition, and there were rules of format that had to be followed. In the Romantic period however, it was the author who created nature and poetry was more spontaneous. There were no rules anymore. Poets were now lead by the heart and not the head. (Sanger, 2013) The Romantic period’s key idea was that the world is created by us when we experience it. This was an idea introduced by the philosopher Emmanuel Cant. Romantic poet Percy Shelly echoed this thought when he said â€Å"all things exist as they are perceived. (Sanger, 2013) Another great idea of this period was that if two ideas contradicted each other that it didn’t necessarily mean that they both weren’t true. That was the great thing about this age. It was all about the experience put down on paper, which is very similar to Modern poetry in that way. It was the way that they went about it that made these two styles so very different. The Modern period of literature was marked by a more fluid style. The poems in this period were filled by a stream of consciousness and were more experimental in nature. The rules of rhyme and meter that were more popular in the Romanic period and were required in the eras before that were thrown out of the window for the most part. Modern poets were not as concerned with nature as the Romantic poets who went before them. The modernists were more focused on individual experience, and were very interested in experimentation with language and forms of literature. As modern poet W. H. Auden himself said, â€Å"Poetry is not magic, but a form of truth telling that should disenchant and disintoxicate. (Greenblatt, 2006) This is similar to the idea of defamiliarization which we learned about in Critical Writing and Literature Analysis. In Modern poetry there are even fewer rules than there were in Romanticism. The authors had free range to make up words, leave out punctuation and capitalization, and reinvent ancient mythologies. This was a whole new literary world. (Sanger, 2013) â€Å"Ode on a Grecian Urn† was written by John Keats in 1820 and it was written in the Romantic style of poetry. This poem was part of the famous series of Odes that was written by Keats at the culmination of his poetic abilities. (Greenblatt, 2006) In this piece we see an ancient urn of unknown origin that is clearly admired by our author. Who are the figures on the Urn? Are they men or Gods? We will never know, but the answer to these questions is not very important. What they have to say and what we can learn from them is what is important. We learn the value of poetry and art from this poem. In this poem Keats starts out speaking to the urn itself. He calls it â€Å"Thou still unravishd bride of quietness! Thou foster-child of silence and slow time† (Greenblatt, 2006) Here he is speaking directly to the Urn and tells us that the Urn and its figures do not speak for themselves, that he does that for them with this poem. Its â€Å"father† who was the artist started this conversation, and now Keats is picking up where the unknown sculptor has left off. Keats goes on to say. â€Å"Sylvan historian, who canst thus express a flowery tale more sweetly than our rhyme† (Greenblatt, 2006) . In this he is saying that the sculptor has done much better than the poet ever can. This is classic self deprecation that we have seen in other poems by our author. Keats is well known for these tactics. As Keats continues this poem he goes on to ask us several questions about the sacrifice that is depicted on the urn. We are never given the answers to these questions because the urn cannot speak for itself. It cannot answer the questions that are put to it. The sculptor of this urn is long dead, along with anyone else that was around when it was made or when those depicted were in existence. The urn is left to stand alone through time in silent testament to history and art. In this stanza he is telling us of the permanence of art. Once the piece of art is completed it is unable to change, the world changes around it, but the figures on the urn are forever young. As he starts the second stanza Keats leads with a statement in which he tells us that sometimes the mental experience of something is better than the actual experience. â€Å"Heard melodies are sweet, but those unheard are sweeter† (Greenblatt, 2006) However, he also tells us that being depicted on an urn may not be all good. â€Å"Fair youth beneath the trees, thou canst not leave† (Greenblatt, 2006) . These figures have not only been immortalized, they have also been trapped. We can see that this in a way is both a blessing and a curse. The youth will never get to kiss the one he loves but he can also never disappoint her. But Keats tells the youth â€Å"do not grieve; she cannot fade, though thou hast not thy bliss, for ever wilt thou love, and she be fair† (Greenblatt, 2006) The Urn works both ways, the woman he loves cannot disappoint him either by aging or changing in any way. He also uses this stanza to drive home the idea of the permanence of art by repeating the word â€Å"Forever† throughout this part of the poem. Keats then goes on to addresses the objects he sees on the Urn. In doing this he is telling us what he admires in life and nature as reflected in this artifact. These are things that Keats wishes he could hold onto forever instead of being sickly. He wants us to notice these things that he is pointing out because they are what keep art and poetry alive. They are representations of the best of life. Here we also find Keats’ use of nature in this poem which marks him as a romantic poet. â€Å"Ah, happy, happy boughs! That cannot shed your leaves, nor ever bid the spring adieu† (Greenblatt, 2006). These trees are also unchanging, they can’t shed their leaves or change seasons. Keats is the same in a way because he will always be young. He will never be able to grow and mature, much like the tree on the urn. Keat s then goes on to talk more about the mysterious sacrifice he sees depicted on the urn and which he mentioned in the first stanza. He wonders about the possible lives of these people and where they are going. Again we are given no answers by the urn because it cannot speak. This is a repeat of the ideas we saw in the first stanza. It keeps the mystery of the urn alive. Who are these individuals? We don’t need to know. We can only guess at their intentions. It is also his own way of saying that art has a life of its own. The people depicted could be nice everyday people, or they could be mass murderers. There is no way to know, that is a beautiful thing about art that it is very subjective. In the final stanza of this Ode we are reminded again that this Urn is a piece of art that has stood the test of time. The Urn has been around hundreds of years and will continue to last as long as someone cares for it. Even if the Urn itself is destroyed we will always have this poem to remember it by. Throughout this poem we see the same theme over and over, things that do not, and cannot change. This we can see from this piece is both a blessing and a curse. While the figures depicted are visually always the same, they will never get to experience the wisdom and fulfillment that comes with a full life. I come finally to the most quoted line of this poem â€Å"Beauty is truth, truth beauty† (Greenblatt, 2006) . This line is the epitome of the transcendental ideals which are another cornerstone of the Romantic ideals. This idea shows that there are three sides to the same thing. Truth is reality, goodness is in accord with truth, and beauty reveals something’s goodness. Sanger, 2013) We can see when we look at this statement in the correct light and using this theory that a thing is beautiful if it reveals its truth. (Sanger, 2013) I believe that this poet has accomplished the goal that he has set for himself with this final line. This poem reveals the truth of art and poetry and how one can reflect on the other. The Urn is in a way a poem itself. What Keats says about the urn is also true about the poem. He is creating his own Urn when he writes this poem. We can see the dying poet wishing that he himself was more like the urn he speaks of. Keats wishes that he was the â€Å"fair youth† that the Urn depicts. It is interesting to note that often in ancient times urns were used for funerary rites and would even sometimes contain the remains of people. This urn that Keats has created contains him in a way as it has helped keep his memory alive for hundreds of years after his death. This poem is Keats’ own stab at the immortality that the urn has attained for its sculptor, even if we don’t know who that sculptor was. He is writing a poem that he hopes will outlive us all like the urn has. Keats uses art to depict a theme of hopeful hopelessness. He knows he will not live and is doing his best to leave his mark upon the world much like the maker of the urn has. Clearly this Urn has stood the test of time since presumably it has been around for centuries at this time. This is what Keats is attempting to do with all of his poetry and I believe he was successful or we would not be discussing him in this class. The second poem for this assignment, â€Å"Musee des Beaux Arts† was written by W. H. Auden in 1938. The style of this poet in our book is described as â€Å"flat, ironic, and conversational† (Greenblatt, 2006) and I think that is a good description of this poem in general. It is almost like we are eavesdropping on a conversation about a recent visit to an art museum. In this conversation we see though that there is a value to the art that he is describing to us. In the first stanza of this poem we are introduced to the artist of the painting without actually knowing who he is or what painting we are talking about. What we do know is that he was one of the â€Å"Old Masters† and that in Auden’s opinion they had the right way of looking at things. They could see the truth of human existence and that the great and the terrible can happen alongside each other. They saw things as they should be seen. They noticed things that most people don’t, as we see when we go further into the piece. Auden goes on to depict a birth that he describes as miraculous. As we discussed in class this can be seen as the birth of Christ (Sanger, 2013) However since I have no religious knowledge, when I read this piece I saw it as birth in general. All births are in their way miraculous. There are also often children waiting alongside the aged for their younger siblings to be born. While the old people love to see babies born the children often wonder if the baby will take their place. In this vignette we can see that there are two sides to every story. Next Auden reminds us again that the masters have not forgotten the truths that our author is talking about. One of these being, â€Å"That even the dreadful martyrdom must run its course† (Greenblatt, 2006). With this he is reminding us that although bad times can come and we often feel abandoned that it too will pass. He is saying that no matter what is happening in the world the dogs and horses of the world go on doing their thing and that the world continues turning. Finally in the last stanza Auden tells us the name of the painting that he admires so much. The painting that he calls â€Å"Brueghel’s Icarus†, is in fact the painting â€Å"The Fall of Icarus† by Pieter Brueghel. According to the notes in our textbook â€Å"Auden also alludes to other paintings by Brueghel: the nativity scene in ‘The Numbering at Bethlehem’, skaters in ‘Winter Landscape with Skaters and a Bird Trap’, a horse scratching it behind in ‘The Massacre of the Innocents’† (Greenblatt, 2006) We can see from this that Auden seems to have a full knowledge of this artist’s works. In Brueghel’s Icarus we have a very interesting scene. The mythological figure Icarus struggles against death after his famously disastrous flight and crash. While this is happening the people around him just go on with their days. Many of the people who are present n this painting seem to know what has happened and simply go about their business anyway. We are clued in to this fact when he describes Icarus’ calls for help with the evocative imagery of â€Å"the forsaken cry† (Greenblatt, 2006). This phrase brings to mind a cry that is heard but ignored. The ploughman hears this but goes on with his work. The crops wait for no one. We continue to see in this poem that despite this horrible thing happening to Icarus the world goes on around him. The sun still shines even on the drowning boy’s legs. The ship that encounters him has better places to be so they simply sail past the drowning teenager. â€Å"The expensive delicate ship that must have seen something amazing, a boy falling out of the sky, had somewhere to get to and sailed calmly on. † (Greenblatt, 2006) Auden clearly tells us here that the ship had to have seen the boy but the crew still went about their business as if nothing had happened. An interesting thing to note in this piece is that throughout this poem Icarus is addressed as a boy. I believe that the author does this to tell us that even mythical people are just that, people. The mythical, the amazing, and the horrible all exist alongside each other. This whole poem is about this theme. The great things that we hear about are also things that just happen to people. Most of the time, the world around these people does not, or chooses not to notice the great and terrible everyday events. These things that happen are ignored and moved past on a daily basis. Even the people who they happen to are expected by the world to move on and get over it. There is no way to know if Auden meant this poem as a criticism of society, or a wakeup call to those who read it, but in a way we can see how it would be one or both of these. The world is asleep; we see the suffering in the world all around us and generally we do nothing to stop it. He is saying that bad things happen next to good things, and that the world is an amazing place. We often don’t notice that fact unless it is pointed out to us as it has been pointed out to us by Auden with this poem. We can see when we look at these poems side by side that while they are very different they are attempting to do the same thing. Both of these authors are using poems about art to show us great truths about the world and how we see it. They are both trying to tell us that art has great value. Paintings and Urns are in their own ways a kind of time capsules that we can use to look back on the past and these poems have that power as well. They are time capsules because each of them is a great example of their respective genres of poetry. â€Å"Ode on a Grecian Urn† is a great example of Romantic poetry because in it Keats uses nature imagery and tells us of the great human faculties that exist in all of us if we just look around us. At the same time â€Å"Musee des Beaux Arts† is a great example of Modern poetry with its lack of rhyme scheme or pattern. Auden’s style is much more casual but still gets the point across. The point of this poem is that art is there to be a representation of the world, that we should take the time to look at it, and the world around it. Art and poetry are both about how they affect you as a person, how they shape your world. These poems both do a great job of awakening the power of art in all of us. If we take another look at both of these poems we can see that while they are very different that they do share some similarities. They both share the same theme of art and artists, and the permanence of art in a changing world. In â€Å"Ode on a Grecian Urn† Keats writes â€Å"When old age shall this generation waste, thou shalt remain, in midst of other woe† (Greenblatt, 2006). This passage reads almost like a line from â€Å"Musee des Beaux Arts†. In this line we can see the great parallel in these poems. Keats is saying here exactly what Auden has, that the world does not stop for great events. The Urn will sit â€Å"in the midst of woe† (Greenblatt, 2006) much like the world that we see in â€Å"Musee des Beaux Arts† moving around both great and horrible events happening. People go on with their lives despite these things. The great masters in Auden’s piece along with the Sylvan historian in Keats’ understood this fact. This is why art is created, to remind us of the world that was. It may not be a true representation of the world, because it is the artist’s version of the world. Bibliography Greenblatt, S. (2006). The Norton Anthology of English Literature. New York: W. W. Norton amp; Company, Inc. Sanger, K. (2013). Class Notes. (D. M. Phelps, Performer) Flint, MI, USA.